In a talk on "The absolute and manifestation" given in at London in 1896 Swami Vivekananda said, In Neo-Vedanta, samadhi is emphasized as a means to liberation. Vivekananda's interpretation of Advaita Vedanta has been called "Neo-Vedanta". Main articles: Hindu reform movements, Swami Vivekananda, and Ramakrishna Mission ![]() ![]() In Indian religions, moksha ( Sanskrit: मोक्ष mokṣa liberation) or mukti ( Sanskrit: मुक्ति release -both from the root muc "to let loose, let go") is the final extrication of the soul or consciousness ( purusha) from samsara and the bringing to an end of all the suffering involved in being subject to the cycle of repeated death and rebirth ( reincarnation). The concept of spiritual enlightenment has become synonymous with self-realization, or the recognition of the true self, regarded as the essence of being, and the seeing through of the false self, the layers of social conditioning which overcover the true self. It has the western connotation of a sudden insight into a transcendental truth or reality. The term "enlightenment" was popularized in the Western world through the 19th century translations of Max Müller. The Buddha’s awakening constituted the knowledge of liberation, attained by mindfulness and dhyāna, and applied to the understanding of the arising and ceasing of craving.Īlthough it is most commonly used in Buddhist contexts, the term buddhi is also used in other Indian philosophies and traditions. The verbal root, Budh, derived from Vedic Sanskrit, means "to awaken" or "awakening."Įnlightenment is also used to translate several other Buddhist terms and concepts, which are used to denote insight ( prajna, kensho and satori) knowledge ( vidhya) the "blowing out" ( Nirvana) of disturbing emotions and desires and the subsequent freedom or release ( vimutti) and the attainment of Buddhahood, as exemplified by Gautama Buddha. The English term enlightenment is the western translation of the abstract noun bodhi, the knowledge, wisdom, or awakened intellect of a Buddha.
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